Research of Red Blood Cell Genotype Antigen of The Multitransfused Patients: An Effort to Match The Blood Type in Thalassemia Patients As a Model

Abstract

Thalassemia patients need transfusion regularly. The tests to match the the donors’ and the recipients’ blood are done before the transfusion because there are variations in the human blood group system. Many researches have proven the relationship between repeated transfusion and the incompatibility and alloantibody. Genotyping test was developed to match the donor – recipient antigen, to prevent the hemolytic transfusion reaction and the formation of alloimmunization. To know the genetic variation in red blood cell antigen of the multi transfused recipients and their donors; the formation of alloantibody; and the importance of genotyping test for the multi transfused recipients. The ABO/ Rh blood typing, antibody screening, crossmatch and genotyping test are tested to 86 Thalassemia in Child Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and their 161 donors. ABO/Rh blood group distribution: O+(41,86%), A+(29,06%), B+(23,25%), AB+(5,81%); male (48,81%), female (51,19%); most patients are 10-20 y.o. (55.81%), 42 patients need 2 blood bags. Three patients have anti-E, Ce antigen, and one patient has anti-Di^a, Di^b antigen. Genotyping blood cell antigen: Rh: C,e (65,76%); Kell: kk (100%); Colton: Co^a (100%); Cartwright: Yt^a (100%); Lutheran: Lu^b (100%); Kidd: usually Jk^aJk^b; Duffy: usually Fy^a; Diego: usually Di^b; Dombrock: usually Do^b; MN: usually MN; S: usually s (86,86%). Compared to Reid and Storry research, Indonesian red blood cell antigens distribution is similar to the Asian distribution.  Five patients were tested antibody screening test because of the possibility of alloantibody formation. Six donors are blood donors with rare antigen. Patients’ aloantibodi and their donors’ red blood cell antigen variations are known. Genotyping test is important for the multi transfused patient to get the matched blood antigen to prevent the formation of alloantibody.